Run-of-river Hydropower

 

A run-of-river hydroelectric system is a design scheme for power generation that is least disruptive to the environment. It harvests energy from flowing water through a canal or penstock in the absence of a large dam and reservoir.

Here’s how run-of-river hydropower works:

  1. A portion of the water from the upper reaches of a river is diverted into a pipeline through an intake weir.
  2. This pipeline brings water to a forebay tank where the water flow is slowed down, allowing sand and other particles to settle. From the forebay, clear water passes through a pressure pipe or penstock to the turbine.
  3. The natural force of gravity generates energy used to spin the turbine which is enclosed in a powerhouse together with the generator and control equipment. The spinning turbine enables the generator to produce electricity.
  4. Power lines connected to the powerhouse distribute energy to distribution utilities and then to your homes and businesses.
  5. From the turbine, the water is discharged down a tailrace or canal back into the river.

Large Hydropower


Large hydroelectric power plants use the kinetic energy of water in reservoirs and allow the flow to drive hydraulic turbines. These facilities can generate a capacity of more than 30 MW.

Here’s how large hydropower works:

  1. Water in the reservoir enters a hydroelectric power plant through an intake.
  2. The water flows through a penstock which channels the water to the turbine.
  3. The natural force of gravity generates energy used to spin the turbine which is enclosed in a powerhouse together with the generator and control equipment. The spinning turbine enables the generator to produce electricity.
  4. Power lines connected to the powerhouse distribute energy to power distribution utilities and then to your homes and businesses.
  5. From the turbine, the water is discharged down a tailrace or canal back into the river.
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